• Embodiment and sensorimotor grounding of cognition: perception-action coupling and multisensory integration frame cognitive development and problem solving through bodily experience, not abstract computation alone [1], [15], [13], [14], [17].

• Imagery as a central cognitive substrate for knowledge, meaning, and problem solving across development, with imagery functioning as a carrier of content, context, and experiential meaning beyond verbal representations [2], [6], [10], [19], [9].

• Empathy and role-taking anchored in embodied cues: dual pathways of experiential intuition and inferential reasoning linked to movement perception, Rorschach responses, and dramatic/creative imagination [7], [18], [8], [16].

• Developmental embedding of perception: early growth of object-permanence, part-whole integration, and transitivity of relations reflecting gradual maturation of perceptual theories and cognitive organization [11], [14], [4], [5].

• Cross-cultural and experiential variability in perceptual cognition: environmental differences shape perceptual skills, attention, and cognitive strategies across cultures and settings [17], [12], [1].